Umlando Omfishane Wezihlalo Ezinqwabelene Zensimbi

Khona-ke, ngo-1954, iFlanders Industries, eyasungulwa uDudley Flanders, yathenga i-Warmack futhi yaqhubeka nokwakha izihlalo zensimbi ezifanayo kwaze kwaba ngu-1996, lapho ifenisha yasengadini eyenziwe ngepulasitiki idlangile emakethe. Isungulwe umenzi wensimbi we-Arkansas u-Ed Warmack, i-Warmack yaqala ukwenza izilayidi zensimbi, amatafula angaphandle nezihlalo ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1950 futhi yakhula ngokushesha yaba umkhiqizi omkhulu wefenisha yensimbi yangaphandle e-United States. eminye yemigqa yabo ingeyakwaSears kuphela. Ngo-1957, iFredric Arnold Company ezinze eBrooklyn, eNew York yayikhiqiza izihlalo ezingaphezu kuka-14,000 ngosuku.

Namuhla, isihlalo esigoqayo senziwa ikakhulukazi ngepulasitiki eqinile, insimbi, noma ukhuni. Yebo, izihlalo ezintsha ezivame ukubonakala emikhosini nasemicimbini zibizwa nangokuthi izihlalo ezigoqayo. Ngawo-1960, abaklami baseYurophu benza izihlalo ezasebenzisa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bepulasitiki.

Umklami waseDenmark u-Werner Panton, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokucwaninga ngepulasitiki efanele, udale isihlalo sokuqala esibunjwe ngomjovo esinomumo owodwa - i-mono-material. Wazuza ubunye obuphelele bomklamo obuhlanganiswe nenqubo yokukhiqiza enkulu. Kodwa-ke, isihlalo se-Pantons sasinesitayela eside kakhulu, umumo owodwa omude ongu-S onesisekelo esimise okuka-U, futhi isidingo sasilinganiselwe. Ekugcineni, umkhiqizi onolwazi wahlanganisa ipulasitiki, ubuciko bomsebenzi, nomklamo ongokoqobo ukuze enze isihlalo ngendlela esiyazi ngayo.

Ukuphikisa okuyinhloko kwabagxeki bomklamo abaphawule ngokungakhathali kuSihlalo kubonakala sengathi lokhu kumane kuyinguqulo yepulasitiki yesihlalo sokhuni noma sensimbi, akuwona umsebenzi omusha ohlonipha amandla okubaziwe epulasitiki. Njengoba sazi, umthombo owodwa ongaba khona wezihlalo zensimu zensimbi umklamo kaLeo Giranek. U-Leo Giranek ungumklami wezimboni nefenisha obambe iqhaza emicabangweni efana no-Ethan Allen futhi wasebenza njengomklamo wefenisha nobuchwepheshe ngeminyaka yawo-1960 Uthishanhloko wekolishi. Gilanek eManhattan. I-Vitra Design Museum eJalimane ithi isihlalo sensimbi sama-Pauchard empeleni siwukuthuthukiswa komklamo wangaphambili ngomunye umFulentshi, u-Joseph Mathieu, owakha isihlalo sakhe sokugoqa sensimbi se-Multipls ekuqaleni kwawo-1920. Isazi-mlando sokuklama uCharlotte Fielle (Charlotte Fielle) ubhale ngokuhlanganyela izincwadi ezimbalwa ezihlalweni. Wathi wayebone ezinye izihlalo ezifanayo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi futhi akakwazanga ukusho ukuthi inguqulo kaMathieus kwakungeyokuqala.

Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi ye-Tolix, isihlalo esisibona namuhla sisekelwe ku-Tolix "Isihlalo" esethulwe emakethe ngumklami waseFrance u-Xavier Poshar ngo-1934. Namuhla, isihlalo sikaTolix, esakhiwe ngensimbi eqinile, siqala ku-200. Nakuba isihlalo sika-Tolix esivela ku-Design Within Reach sithengisa cishe ngama-dollar angu-300, ungathenga isihlalo esinjalo ngemali ephansi. Izifaniso zezihlalo zensimbi zesitayela sezimboni nazo zitholakala kabanzi ngamanani aphansi.

Futhi ngamamodeli atholakala ngokhuni, insimbi, ipulasitiki kanye ne-resin, ungakhetha izihlalo zokudlela ezinqwabelene ezilungele amatafula, amadokodo kanye nenye ifenisha endaweni yakho. Nikeza ngenketho yokuhlala enethezekile yanoma yimuphi umcimbi noma isilungiselelo ngokuthenga iqoqo lezihlalo ezinqwabeleka ezitholakala ku-Stack Chairs 4 Less. Izihlalo zesonto ezinamathelayo zinikeza izinga lokunethezeka kokuhlala unomphela ngebhonasi eyengeziwe yokuhamba kalula, ukuze ukwazi ukuguqula ngokushesha isikhala sakho ukuze sivumelane nanoma yimuphi usayizi wezilaleli. Izihlalo ezigoqayo nazo ziyasetshenziswa ekhaya kunoma yisiphi isimo esidinga indawo yokuhlala eyengeziwe.

Izihlalo ezigoqayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho kungenakwenzeka khona noma cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlala unomphela. Lezi zihlalo ziyintandokazi ukuthi zisetshenziswe emibuthanweni emikhulu, lapho zingagcinwa khona kalula ngaphambi nangemuva komcimbi futhi zinikeze nezihlalo ezingabizi kakhulu ngesikhathi. Isihlalo sika-Hille kwakuyindalo yokuqala ehlanganisa ukusebenza kahle nokuqina. Lesi sihlalo sithandwa amathilomu e-retro nama-cuisines emhlabeni jikelele, saklanywa ngo-1934.

Kwakudingeka abe ngaphandle kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, ngakho kunezimbobo ezihlalweni ukuze imvula idonse. Kodwa lapho abanikazi besitolo bekhala ngokuthi izihlalo azigoqekanga kahle, uPoshar washintsha umklamo wakhe kancane. Ngemva kwalezi zibuyekezo, ngo-1956 kwakhululwa isihlalo esitakiwe esincanyana, i-Tolix, esingaqoqwa kusuka ezihlalweni ezingu-25 sifike ku-2.3 metres ukuphakama.

Ifenisha yansuku zonke engabizi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezihlalo zethala lensimbi, isithathelwe indawo yipulasitiki engasindi, enqwabeleka nezihlalo zepulasitiki. Kube khona ukwanda kwesidingo sezihlalo zengadi yensimbi, ama-glider, amatafula asengadini ensimbi afanayo kanye nezingalo ze-rocker ezine-turntable. Umlingisi wokuqala omkhulu emhlabeni wezihlalo zengadi zensimbi wangena kulesi sikhala.

Ngo-1934, u-Poshar wethula isihlalo sakhe se-Marais A, esakhiwe (futhi namanje) esakhiwe ngesandla ngensimbi eyenziwe ngamapulangwe kusetshenziswa inqubo yezinyathelo eziyi-100. Sithandwa amakhefi e-retro namakhishi emhlabeni jikelele, lesi sihlalo sakudala saklanywa ngo-1934.

Isihlalo sika-Tolix sango-1934, esaziwa nge-Model A, senzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle unyaka wonke, ngakho izihlalo zinezimbobo zokudonsa imvula. Kodwa izihlalo zabo zazinemilenze yensimbi; ipulasitiki iyodwa yayinganele ukubamba noma ubani. Kodwa lapho enza isihlalo sakhe esidumile se- tulilip, isihlalo samagobolondo epulasitiki esisekelweni, kwakudingeka amboze uphahla lwensimbi ngepulasitiki ukuze isihlalo sibukeke okungenani sinobunye. Izihlalo ezigoqayo noma izihlalo zazisetshenziswa njengezihlalo eMedithera phakathi nekhulu le-15-13 BC.

Ukusungulwa kukaDace kubizwa ngezihlalo ezistackable ngoba zinganqwabelana kalula ndawonye. Uma zingasetshenziswa, izihlalo zingapakishwa ngobunono ukuze zigcinwe futhi zongiwe kalula. Kungcono ukugcina izihlalo ezinqwabeleka ekhabetheni, noma ngisho nasekhoneni legumbi uma zingasetshenziswa. Sebenzisa iphedi yokuzivikela ukuze uhambise kalula isihlalo ngaphandle kokunwaya phansi.

Lesi sihlalo se-rustic contemporary senzelwe kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiso nasekhaya. Ungalungisa ikhishi lakho, igumbi lokudlela noma i-bistro. Izihlalo zethu zensimbi ezinqwabeleka zinikeza ukubukeka kwe-chic nesimanje, kuyilapho izihlalo zethu zakudala ezinqwabeleka ze-Chiavari ziveza ubuhle obungapheli. Ukuze uthole isitayela esiyingqayizivele ngempela, zama izihlalo zethu zezipoki ezinqwabelene, nazo ezilungele ukwenza isikhala esincane sibonakale sikhulu. Phuma ngaphandle nangaphandle ngesihlalo sethu sengadi eslingiswayo.

I-trolley efana nosayizi nesitayela sezihlalo zakho ezinqwabeleka ingenza noma yikuphi ukusetha nokwehlisa kube lula. Zakhiwe ngensimbi egxiviziwe negxiviziwe, izihlalo zisesimweni esiyingqayizivele ngopende wangempela nazo zonke izikulufu zangempela ezinamathisela isihlalo sensimbi kuhlaka oluncane.

Ushintsho oluncane lwenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe idizayini yakudala ye-Warmack, futhi i-Toran iphatha izihlalo nezinye izinto “njengezilandelanisa, hhayi ukukhiqizwa kabusha noma amakhophi” okoqobo. Njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, izihlalo zengadi zensimbi ezimbozwe ngempushana, amatafula ekhofi, nezilayida ngemibala ehlukahlukene ziyaduma futhi. Abanye bayazazi lezi zinto eziwuphawu njengezindawo zokuhlala zelanga, ombhede, izihlalo ezimise okwe-tulip.

Isihlalo esingabekeki sakhiwe ngo-1963 sikaRobin Day's S. Hille & Co. Nakuba isihlalo sensimbi esinezinsimbi sesiwuphawu lobuhle bezimboni, manje sesisetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izitayela zokuhlobisa. Isihlalo sikaBella esake sathandwa yi-Trent Furnitures sigqugquzelwa isithonjana sangempela sefenisha, isihlalo sika-Tolix, esihlanganisa ukuqina nokusebenza nesitayela sezimboni saseFrance esingaphelelwa isikhathi sensimbi.